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Revealing essential roles of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, this book focuses on the role of hematopoietic components of the tumor microenvironment. Further, it teaches readers about the roles of distinct constituents of the tumor microenvironment and how they affect cancer development. Topics include neutrophils, basophils, T helper cells, cytotoxic lymphocytes, fibrocytes, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and more. Taken alongside its companion volumes, these books update us on what we know about various aspects of the tumor microenvironment as well as future directions. Tumor Microenvironment: Hematopoietic Cells – Part A is essential reading for advanced cell biology and cancer biology students as well as researchers seeking an update on research in the tumor microenvironment.

Cell biology. --- Cancer research. --- Oncology  . --- Cell Biology. --- Cancer Research. --- Oncology. --- Cytology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Tumors --- Cancer research

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Macrophages are core components of the innate immune system. Once activated, they may have either pro- or anti-inflammatory effects that include pathogen killing, safe disposal of apoptotic cells or tissue renewal. The activation state of macrophages is conceptualized by the so-called M1/M2 model of polarization. M2 macrophages are not simply antagonists of M1 macrophages; rather, they represent a network of tissue resident macrophages with roles in tissue development and organ homeostasis. M2 macrophages govern functions at the interfaces of immunity, tissue development and turnover, metabolism, and endocrine signaling. Dysfunction in M2 macrophages can ruin the healthy interplay between the immune system and metabolic processes, and lead to diseases such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, M2 macrophages are essential for healthy tissue development and immunological self-tolerance. Worryingly, these functions of M2 macrophages can also be disrupted, resulting in tumor growth and autoimmunity. This book comprehensively discusses the biology of M2 macrophages, summarizes the current state of knowledge, and highlights key questions that remain unanswered.

Immunology. --- Cell biology. --- Lipids. --- Infectious diseases. --- Human physiology. --- Cell Biology. --- Lipidology. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Human Physiology. --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Physiology --- Human body --- Lipides --- Lipins --- Lipoids --- Biomolecules --- Steroids --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Macrophages. --- Histiocytes --- Mononuclear phagocytes --- Antigen presenting cells --- Connective tissue cells --- Killer cells --- Phagocytes --- Reticulo-endothelial system --- Communicable diseases. --- Infection.

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This thoroughly revised second edition is an up-to-date overview of the new advances in the knowledge of the basic science in sarcoma and osteosarcoma. It features detailed, in-depth discussions of microRNAs in osteosarcoma, historical perspectives of chemotherapy in the treatment of the disease, tumor targeted IL12 therapy and HER2 targeted therapy, the role of enhancer elements in regulating the prometastatic transcriptional program and more. Further, this essential volume also includes new insights on Wnt signaling in osteosarcoma, the role of genomics, genetically modified T-cell therapy, liquid biopsy, oncolytic viruses, immunophenotyping, receptor tyrosine kinases and epigenetic-focused approaches for treatment of osteosarcoma metastases, as well as thoughts on the current standard of treatment for patients suffering from these cancers. In the years since the previous edition, there have been numerous new developments in this rapidly changing field; this new edition is both timely and urgently needed. When taken together these companion volumes, Current Clinical (Book 1) and Scientific (Book 2) Advances in Osteosarcoma, are a timely and urgently needed guide for laboratory investigators and clinical oncologists.

Cancer research. --- Medical microbiology. --- Cell biology. --- Pediatrics. --- Cancer Research. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Cell Biology. --- Paediatrics --- Pediatric medicine --- Medicine --- Children --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Cancer research --- Diseases --- Health and hygiene --- Cancer --- Research. --- Osteosarcoma --- Sarcoma --- Investigació mèdica --- Investigació biomèdica --- Investigació --- Investigació farmacèutica --- Experimentació humana en medicina --- Ressenyes sistemàtiques (Investigació mèdica) --- Animals de laboratori --- Sarcomes --- Tumors del teixit connectiu --- Càncer --- Tumors --- Sarcoma osteogen --- Sarcoma osteoide --- Càncer d'ossos --- Sarcoma d'Ewing

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The fascinating area of Nutrigenomics describes this daily communication between our diet and our genome. This book describes how nutrition shapes human evolution and demonstrates its consequences for our susceptibility to diseases, such as diabetes and atherosclerosis. Inappropriate diet can yield stress for our cells, tissues and organs and then it is often associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. Overnutrition paired with physical inactivity leads to overweight and obesity and results in increased burden for a body that originally was adapted for a life in the savannahs of East Africa. Therefore, this textbook does not discuss a theoretical topic in science, but it talks about real life and our life-long “chat” with diet. We are all food consumers, thus each of us is concerned by the topic of this book and should be aware of its mechanisms. The purpose of this book is to provide an overview on the principles of nutrigenomics and their relation to health or disease. The content of this book is based on the lecture course “Nutrigenomics”, which is held since 2003 once per year by Prof. Carlberg at the University of Eastern Finland in Kuopio. The book represents an updated but simplified version of our textbook “Nutrigenomics” (ISBN 978-3-319-30413-7). Besides its value as a textbook, “Nutrigenomics: how science works” will be a useful reference for individuals working in biomedicine.

Gene expression. --- Molecular biology. --- Nutrition   . --- Genetics. --- Cell biology. --- Gene Expression. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Nutrition. --- Genetics and Genomics. --- Cell Biology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Embryology --- Mendel's law --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Breeding --- Chromosomes --- Heredity --- Mutation (Biology) --- Variation (Biology) --- Alimentation --- Food --- Nutrition --- Health --- Physiology --- Diet --- Dietetics --- Digestion --- Food habits --- Malnutrition --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Genes --- Genetic regulation --- Health aspects --- Expression --- Nutrigenomics --- Nutritional Physiological Phenomena --- Nutritional REquirements --- Diet Therapy --- Dietary Requirements --- Nutrition Requirements --- Dietary Requirement --- Nutrition Requirement --- Nutritional Requirement --- Requirement, Dietary --- Requirement, Nutrition --- Requirement, Nutritional --- Requirements, Dietary --- Requirements, Nutrition --- Requirements, Nutritional --- methods. --- genetics. --- Genetic aspects. --- Genetics

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How do electrical activity and calcium signals in neurons influence the secretion of peptide hormones? This volume presents the current state of knowledge regarding the electrical, calcium signaling and synaptic properties of neuroendocrine systems from both vertebrate and invertebrate systems. The contributions span in vivo and in vitro studies that address: state‐dependent plasticity, relevance of firing patterns, membrane properties, calcium flux (including dynamic imaging and homeostasis), and molecular mechanisms of exocytosis, including from non-neuronal secretory cells. The chapters focus not only on research results but also on how experiments are conducted using state-of-the-art techniques, and how the resulting data are interpreted. While there are many books on the secretory properties of neurons, this is the first to focus on the distinctive secretory properties of neuroendocrine neurons. Accordingly, it offers an important text for undergraduate and graduate neuroscience students, and will also appeal to established scientists and postdoctoral fellows. This is the eighth volume in the Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology series* - now a co-publication between Springer Nature and the INF (International Neuroendocrine Federation). *Volumes 1-7 published by Wiley.

Neurosciences. --- Human anatomy. --- Internal medicine. --- Cell biology. --- Biochemistry. --- Anatomy. --- Internal Medicine. --- Cell Biology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Medicine, Internal --- Medicine --- Anatomy, Human --- Anatomy --- Human biology --- Human body --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neuroscience --- Nervous system --- Composition --- Neurociències --- Hormones --- Secreció --- Histamina --- Hormones esteroides --- Hormones gastrointestinals --- Hormones juvenils --- Hormones peptídiques --- Hormones pituïtàries --- Hormones tiroides --- Melatonina --- Catecolamines --- Endocrinologia --- Glàndules endocrines --- Neurociència --- Ciències neurològiques --- Ciències de la salut --- Neuroanatomia --- Neurobiologia --- Neurociència computacional --- Neuroendocrinologia --- Neurofarmacologia --- Neurogenètica --- Neuroquímica --- Sistema nerviós